Most people understand Judaism to be the Torah and the Torah to be Judaism. However, in The Invention of Judaism, John J. Collins persuasively argues this was not always the case. The Torah became the touchstone for most of Judaism’s adherents only in the hands of the rabbis of late antiquity. For 600 years prior, from the Babylonian Exile to the Roman destruction of the Second Temple, there was enormous variation in the way the Torah was understood. Collins provides a comprehensive account of the role of the Torah in ancient Judaism, exploring key moments in its history, beginning with the formation of Deuteronomy and continuing through the Maccabean revolt and the rise of Jewish sectarianism and early Christianity.

About the Author

John J. Collins is Professor of Old Testament Criticism and Interpretation at Yale Divinity School. His books include Introduction to the Hebrew Bible, The Dead Sea Scrolls: A Biography and The Apocalyptic Imagination. He is general editor of the Yale Anchor Bible Series.

Preface
Introduction: Jews, Judeans, and the Maccabean Crisis
1. Deuteronomy and the Invention of the Torah
2. Torah in the Persian Period
3. The Persistence of Non-Mosaic Judaism
4. Torah as Narrative and Wisdom
5. Torah as Law
6. Torah and Apocalypticism
7. The Law in the Diaspora
8. Paul, Torah, and Jewish Identity
Epilogue

Notes
Bibliography
Index of Scripture and Other Ancient Sources
Index of Modern Authors

Reviews

"Collins has here laid the levelheaded and thorough groundwork for anyone wanting to explore Jewish identity in antiquity."
— Reading Religion

"A tour de force by one of today’s leading scholars... Summing Up: Highly recommended."
— CHOICE

"Collins’ masterful elucidation of the many and diverse materials he mobilizes on behalf of his argument makes this book a valuable resource for readers mulling the semantics of Jewish identity during the Second Temple period. . . . a necessary call to common sense as to the misguided premise that Judaism was born of Christianity rather than Christianity of Judaism."
— Horizons: The Journal of the College Theology Society

"The Invention of Judaism is well worth one's time, particularly if one wants to familiarize oneself with the lay of the land in the Second Temple period or is well-versed in Greco-Roman customs and literature behind the NT but need a refresher over debates in Jewish tradition from the same time period."
— Restoration Quarterly

“John J. Collins may well be the single most influential scholar of the Old Testament and Hebrew Bible alive. He is well known, his work much respected, and he possesses an encyclopedic mind like few others. Collins does here what he generally does best: He surveys an enormous amount of literature, both primary and secondary, summarizes it masterfully, and then forcefully articulates his own thesis.”—Matthias Henze, Isla Carroll and Perry E. Turner Professor of Hebrew Bible and Early Judaism, Rice University

“This book is the mature reflection of a master of the field on a central topic. The hallmark of Collins’s scholarship is his weighing of alternatives proposed by others, both radicals and conservatives, and then his invariable taking of the position best supported by the evidence, not leaning to either of these predetermined options. I wish to emphasize that this book is much more than a monograph on a particular topic given that this topic is so significant for the history of Jewry, its practice, and its thought.”—Daniel Boyarin, Taubman Professor of Talmudic Culture, University of California, Berkeley

About the Book

About the Author

Table of Contents

Reviews